Carolus Linnaeus, Bapak Taksonomi Modern

Raih Gelar Doktor dalam Enam Hari

Carolus Linnaeus atau Carl (von) Linne (Almhult, 23 Mei 1707 – Uppsala, 10 Januari 1778) adalah ilmuwan Swedia yang meletakkan dasar tatanama biologi . ia dikenal sebagai “bapak taksonomi modern” dan juga bapak ekologi modern. Ia ahli botani yang paling dihormati pada masanya, dan juga terkenal dengan kemampuan bahasanya.
Selain menjadi ahli botani, Linnaeus juga ahli dalam zoology dan seorang dokter. Ia lahir di Paroki Stenbrohult (sekarang wilayah administrasi Almhult), di bagian selatan Swedia, ayahnya bernama Nils Ingemarsson Linnaeus dan ibunya bernama Christina Brodersonia.



Ketertarikannya dalam studi botani sempat membuat seorang dokter dari kotanya terpesona dan ia dikirim untuk bersekolah di Universitas Lund, kemudian pindah ke Universitas Uppsala setelah setahun.


Dalam masa-masa ini Linnaeus mempunyai keyakinan bahwa dalam benang sari dan putik bunga terkandung dasar-dasar klasifikasi tumbuhan, maka ia menuliskan sebuah makalah singkat pada suatu mata kuliah yang berhasil membuatnya menjadi asisten professor. Tahun 1732 Badan Akademik Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam di Uppsala membiayai ekspedisinya untuk meneliti Laplandia, hasilnya adalah tulisan berjudul Flora Laponica yang dicetak tahun 1737.


Pada tahun 1735 Linnaeus bertemu dengan ahli botani Jan Frederik Gronovius dan memperlihatkannya rancangan makalahnya mengenai Taksonomi, yang berjudul Systema Naturae. Di dalamnya, penggunaan deskripsi resmi – physalis amno ramosissime ramis angulosis glabris foliis dentoserratis – diganti olehnya menjadi nama genus-species yang ringkas dan akrab pada zaman sekarang – Phylasis angulata – dan penggolongan taksa lebih tinggi dibuat secara berurutan. Meskipun system ini, tatanama binomial (nomenklatur binomial), dikembangkan oleh Bauhin bersaudara. Linnaeus dapat dikatakan sebagai yang mempeloporinya.


Pada akhir hidupnya, Linnaeus sering menderita sakit, seperti encok dan sakit gigi, ia terkena serangan stroke dua kali, yaitu pada tahun 1774 dan 1778, hingga kehilangan fungsi bagian tubuhnya bagian kanan. Linnaeus meninggla dunia pada 10 Januari 1778 di Uppsala pada suatu upacara di katedral Uppsala dan kemudian ia di makamkan di katedral tersebut.

Sumber : wikipedia

Sir Alex Ferguson

Sir Alex Ferguson, semua orang di dunia yang gemar dengan sepak bola mungkin sudah tak asing dengan kakek yang satu ini, Pria yg akrab disapa Fergi atau Sir Alex ini merupakan pelatih sukses sepanjang masa. Pelatih ini sukses membawa MU merajai di semua turnamen dan semua level. Tak kurang dari 41 gelar telah diraih oleh Sir Alex, sebuah pretasi yang tak bisa disaingi oleh pelatih manapun.

Sir Alex dalam melatih dia selalu menggunakan pendekatan emosional terhadap para pemainnya agar bisa “mengontrol” pemainnya supaya bisa lebih baik bermain. Intuisi dan kematangan dia sebagai pelatih tidak bisa dianggap sebelah mata. Dengan tangan dingin dan analisanya Fergie mahir mencari pemain dan memoles calon bintang lapangan hijau, lihat saja beberapa nama seperti Eric Cantona atau "The King Cantona", kemudian David Beckham atau "Becks" dan sekarang salah satu bintang polesan Fergie adalah Cristiano Ronaldo atau "CR-7" sang peraih pemain terbaik dunia 2008. Tetapi ada satu yang unik tentang Fergie, dia adalah pelatih yang takut terhadap istrinya, walau dalam melatih dia sangat keras terhadap anak asuhnya..

Tidak ada yang tahu sampai kapan dia akan ada di MU, karena jarang sekali media mengungkap kan tentang kontrak Fergie di United, tetapi melalui anaknya “Darren, Sir Alex Ferguson akan pensiun sebagai manajer tim Setan Merah di akhir musim ini. Spekulasi mengenai Fergie akan mengakhiri perjalanan panjangnya di Old Trafford telah lama beredar.

Terutama sejak ia berencana berhenti setelah mencapai umurnya yang ke 60, tujuh tahun yang lalu. Saat ini, Darren Ferguson manajer Peterborough dari divisi satu Liga Inggris itu mengisyaratkan bahwa pada musim panas 2010 ayahnya akan berhenti dari pertandingan.”
“Kesehatannya baik dan dia membangun sebuah tim baru” jelas Darren. “Jika MU menang (Premier League) tahun ini, maka mereka menyamai rekor Liverpool dalam perolehan gelar” “Saya bisa melihat ayah saya melakukan hal ini tahun ini ataupun tahun-tahun berikutnya, dan mungkin itulah yang akan dia lakukan.” *)

Dia adalah pelatih yang disegani oleh rivalnya termasuk oleh Jose Maurinho rival utama Fergie saat Maurinho masih bersama Chelsea. Ini petikan dimana Maurinho memberikan support dan apresiasi terhadap Fergie dan pernyataan secara tidak langsung dari Maurinho bahwa dia ingin melatih untuk United.

“Siapa yang dapat mengatakan tidak kepada Manchester United?” tanya Mourinho.
“Mereka termasuk kelompok kecil klub di seluruh dunia yang mana tidak seorangpun akan mengatakan tidak. Tapi pertama-tama saya tidak percaya pada tahun 2010 Sir Alex Ferguson akan pergi. Saya tidak percaya.”
“Saya pikir tahun demi tahun ia tetap sama. Ia persisnya orang yang sama; sehat, senang, jadi saya tidak melihat alasan baginya untuk keluar. Saya berharap ia terus melatih karena ia bagus,” pukas pria Portugal tersebut. *)


Data Pribadi Sir Alex Ferguson berikut dengan gelar yang sudah diraihnya..


Sir Alex Ferguson
Born: December 31, 1941

Archive:
Birthplace: Govan, Glasgow
Previous Clubs: Aberdeen, St Mirren, East Stirling

Honours:
Premiership:2008, 2007, 2003, 2001, 2000, 1999, 1997, 1996, 1994, 1993; FA Cup: 2004, 1999, 1996, 1994, 1990; League Cup: 2006, 1992; League Cup 2006;
FA Charity Shield: 1997, 1996, 1994, 1993, 1990, 2003; Scottish Premier League: 1985, 1984, 1980;
Scottish First Division: 1977;
Scottish FA Cup: 1986, 1984, 1983, 1982;
Scottish League Cup: 1986;
UEFA Champions League: 2008, 1999;
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1991, 1983;
European Super Cup: 1983, 1991;
Inter-Continental Club Cup: 1999 Piala Dunia Antar Club: 2008
Dan saat ini Ferguson bersama dengan The Dream Team Manchester United Jilid 2 berharap bisa memborong empat piala dari empat Turnamen berbeda yang sedang dilakoni Oleh Ronaldo cs sekaligus ingin menyamai rekor Liverpool yang telah menjadi juara sebanyak 18 kali...

Bravo United
*) kutipan dari superbpl.com

M. Schumacher Profile

Michael Schumacher was born on 3 January 1969 in western Germany (in Hurth, near Cologne). As early as four years of age he was notching up his first circuits at the go-kart track nearby where his parents. In the go-kart he was runner-up in the Junior World Championships at the age of sixteen, and two years later he became the European Champion - and go-kart racing remains his great passion to this day. After fifteen years of go-kart racing he switched to racing cars and came out in front in numerous German championships. In 1990, Schumacher became the Mercedes-Benz team driver in the Sports Car World Championship and the German Formula 3 Champion.


In 1991, at the Belgian Grand Prix, Schumacher made his debut as a replacement driver for the Formula 1 Jordan team. By the following year he had already won his first Grand Prix, at Belgium's Spa-Francorchamps, in a Benetton-Ford. After placing third in the World Championship of 1992 and fourth of 1993, he landed the World Title in 1994 and dedicated it to Ayrton Senna - "the man who deserved to get it". In 1995, Schumacher defended his World Championship title in a Benetton-Renault. With a record nine wins out of seventeen Grand Prix races, this was a triumphant season for the German driver.

After four and a half years with Benetton, Schumacher signed a contract with Ferrari, with the objective of bringing the World Championship once again back to Maranello. Under his influence, the Italian team restructured itself. The key positions were occupied by new expert personnel. In 1997 and 1998, he narrowly missed out on the World Title - in each case, in the final race of the season. As early as 1998, he renewed his contract with Ferrari until the year 2002.

The 1999 season was an emotional roller-coaster ride for Schumacher. At Silverstone he suffered the first serious accident of his career. After sustaining a double fracture of the right leg the German driver was forced to withdraw from the Championship for six Grand Prix races. Then in Malaysia he celebrated a glorious come-back and by the end of the season had exerted an appreciable influence on the destiny of the Constructors' World Championship.

In the year 2000 Schumacher done what he promised he would do and brought the driver's title home to Ferrari for the first time in 21 years. Nine race wins in a season dominated by the brilliance of Schumacher was more than enough to secure his 3rd world title. Michael finished the season with 108 points and was the clear winner.

As defending champion in the 2001 season Michael Schumacher simply ran away with the world title his fourth in total and second for Ferrari. Once again Michael won nine races along with eleven pole positions. On his way to a massive winning margin the German re-wrote a number of records along the way, including the highest number of Grand Prix wins, highest number of points scored and the highest number of fastest laps. Schumacher renewed his Ferrari contract until 2004 and looks set to continue winning races and titles for the Maranello team for some time yet.

2002 would see Schumacher further cement his name into the history of the sport. His third successive drivers world championship with Ferrari and his fifth in total was won with commanding performances. Schumacher took 7 pole positions and 11 wins as he cruised to the title, which was won earlier than ever before. Schumacher took the record books apart in a season that saw him finish every race of the season with a lowest position of third! Nothing could stand in the way of his title and he afforded himself the luxury of helping team mate Rubens Barrichello to at least 2 wins.
Schumacher would go on to claim his 6th world title in 2003 but it was not as easy as he had it in 2002. McLaren's Kimi Raikkonen and Juan Pablo Montoya in the Williams took the challenge to Michael and it was a challenge he enjoyed. The new points scoring system had taken the title battle down to the wire in Japan and with perhaps his worst race of the season Schumacher scored 1 point to take the title. Schumacher had once again a great season of reliability and never once retired from a race due to car problems, but other problems including puncture's, pit stop fires and a river in Brazil did cause him some challenging moments, but he emerged victorious once again.
2004 was yet another championship winning year for Schumacher as well as Ferrari as they simply dominated the season from start to finish, mirroring the domination shown back in 2002. Schumacher was never really threatened as he claimed his 7th world title, only team mate Barrichello kept him honest and a slight challenge from the BAR team and Jenson Button, but Schumacher cruised it.
The 2005 season would not be so great for Schumacher, a raft of changes enforced by the FIA ensured the Ferrari teams advantage was nullified, tyre changes at pitstops were outlawed taking away one of Schumacher's best ability's to pump in race winning laps in and around the pitstops. As it was Ferrari suffered with tyre problems for the whole season as Bridgestone found it tough to come to terms with making a race distance tyre. This handed the advantage to the Michelin shod Renault team and Fernando Alonso became the youngest ever world champion. Schumacher's only win came at the highly controversial USGP when only the Bridgestone teams entered the race. The only other real bright spot for Schumacher was a great drive to 2nd place at Imola.

In 2006 Michael Schumacher would say farewell to Formula One as he brought an end to his illustrious career, sadly he was unable to go out with a 8th title but he went out on a high as he took the title battle with Alonso to the last race of the season. Many questioned if he could go on for a few more years but at 37 Michael declared his batteries empty despite putting in some stunning drives throughout the season. He plans to take a well earned rest and have some quality time with his family before deciding what direction his new life without F1 will take.

Career Stats

World Championships : 7
Grand Prix Starts : 248
Wins : 91
Pole Positions : 68
Fastest Laps : 76
Podium Finishes : 154
Career Points : 1,369
Full details of Schumacher's Ferrari career
Schumacher's Records
* Most world titles: 7
* Most consecutive titles: 5 (2000-2004)
* Most wins: 91
* Most wins in a single season: 13 (2004)
* Most consecutive wins in single season: 7 (2004)
* Most wins at the same race: 8 (French GP)
* Most wins with one team: 72
* Most wins from pole: 40
* Most pole positions: 68
* Most front-row starts: 115
* Most podium finishes: 154
* Most second place finishes: 43
* Most points scored: 1,369
* Most points finishes: 190
* Most points in a single season: 148
* Most fastest laps: 76
* Most fastest laps in a season: 10
* Most races led: 141
* Most laps led: 5,108
* Most consecutive podiums: 19 (USA 2001-Japan 2002)
* Most consecutive points finishes: 24
* Most consecutive seasons with a win: 15
* Most ‘clean sweeps’ (pole, win, fastest lap): 22
* Largest points gap between champion and runner-up: 67
* Earliest title winner: 2002 (in July, with 6 races remaining)
* Longest spell with one team: 11 seasons
* Only driver to have finished every race on the podium: 2002


Source : the scuderia

Under Reconstruction but you can choice pic in the upper slide..hehe